發(fa)布者: 奧(ao)伯特烘干 時(shi)間:2018-4-9 11:34:23
一、柿子簡介
柿(shi)子,柿(shi)科(ke)植(zhi)物漿果類(lei)水果,原產地(di)(di)(di)在中國(guo)(guo),栽培已有一千多年的(de)(de)歷史。是(shi)一種廣泛(fan)種植(zhi)的(de)(de)果樹結出的(de)(de)果實(shi),主(zhu)要種植(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)區在河(he)南、山西、陜西、河(he)北等地(di)(di)(di)山區,柿(shi)子19世紀傳入(ru)法國(guo)(guo)和地(di)(di)(di)中海各國(guo)(guo),后(hou)又傳入(ru)美國(guo)(guo)。柿(shi)樹的(de)(de)果實(shi)直(zhi)徑在5到8厘米(mi)左右,黃色(se)至紅色(se)。柿(shi)子含有維生(sheng)素A和少量維生(sheng)素C。
柿樹能經受約零(ling)下18度的(de)嚴寒(han)。美(mei)洲(zhou)柿原產美(mei)洲(zhou),樹形矮小,偶(ou)爾(er)高達10米。果扁平(ping),深紅色(se)到醬色(se),果徑(jing)3至5厘米,多含幾(ji)粒大而扁平(ping)的(de)種子。經過(guo)人工(gong)培育后的(de)美(mei)洲(zhou)柿已經有了(le)許多優良品種,味道也超過(guo)東方柿子。
柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)種(zhong)有1000多種(zhong),又根據其(qi)在(zai)樹(shu)上(shang)成(cheng)熟前能否自然脫澀分為澀柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和甜(tian)柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兩類。后(hou)者(zhe)主要是(shi)來自該品(pin)種(zhong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“冬柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”,成(cheng)熟時(shi)已(yi)經脫澀。而(er)前者(zhe)(中(zhong)國(guo)上(shang)市(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)子(zi)大多數屬于此類)必須(xu)在(zai)采摘(zhai)后(hou)先經人工脫澀后(hou)方可供(gong)食(shi)用,引起澀柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)澀味的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)質(zhi)基礎(chu)是(shi)鞣(rou)酸。柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)子(zi)中(zhong)國(guo)是(shi)世(shi)界上(shang)產(chan)柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)最多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)家,年產(chan)鮮柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)70萬(wan)噸(dun)。柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)子(zi)品(pin)種(zhong)繁多,約(yue)有300多種(zhong)。從色澤(ze)上(shang)可分為紅柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、黃柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、青柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、朱柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、白柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、烏(wu)柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等(deng);從果形上(shang)可分為圓柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、長柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、方柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、葫蘆柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、牛(niu)心(xin)(xin)柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等(deng)。在(zai)長期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)土馴(xun)化和生(sheng)產(chan)實踐(jian)中(zhong),人們(men)培育(yu)出不少優(you)良(liang)品(pin)種(zhong),特別著(zhu)名(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有:河南澠池的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)牛(niu)心(xin)(xin)柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),產(chan)于華(hua)北(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“世(shi)界第一優(you)良(liang)種(zhong)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大盤柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi);河北(bei)、山東一帶出產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蓮花(hua)柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、鏡面柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi);河南以及(ji)陜(shan)西涇陽、三原一帶出產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雞心(xin)(xin)黃柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi);河南以及(ji)陜(shan)西富平的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尖(jian)柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi);浙(zhe)江杭州古蕩一帶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),被譽為中(zhong)國(guo)六(liu)大名(ming)柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。此外,還有陜(shan)西臨潼(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)火晶(jing)柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、華(hua)縣(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陸柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、彬縣(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尖(jian)頂柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi);山東青島的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金瓶柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、益都的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大萼子(zi)柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等(deng)都是(shi)國(guo)內有名(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)子(zi)。這些名(ming)種(zhong)柿(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)子(zi),皮薄、肉(rou)細、個兒大、汁(zhi)甜(tian)如蜜,深受(shou)廣大消費者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青睞。
柿子(zi)樹(shu)的栽(zai)培已有一千多年的歷(li)史。北(bei)宋詩人張仲殊稱(cheng)美柿子(zi)︰“味(wei)過華林芳蒂,色兼陽(yang)井沈朱,輕勻絳蠟裹團酥(su),不比人間甘露。”中(zhong)國(guo)、日本、韓國(guo)和巴西是(shi)主要(yao)產地。中(zhong)國(guo)產地主要(yao)在廣西平樂(le)和恭城兩(liang)縣(xian),約占全國(guo)市場(chang)的70%,平樂(le)縣(xian)二塘鎮是(shi)全國(guo)最大的柿子(zi)和柿餅交易點(dian)。
二、柿餅(干柿子)做法
1)人工(gong)晾曬:
1、將生柿(shi)子從果樹上摘下來(lai),去(qu)(qu)(qu)掉柿(shi)子的(de)把子。將去(qu)(qu)(qu)掉把子的(de)柿(shi)子固定(ding)在(zai)去(qu)(qu)(qu)皮(pi)機器上,進行去(qu)(qu)(qu)皮(pi),以前都是手(shou)工去(qu)(qu)(qu)皮(pi),現在(zai)是半手(shou)工了。
2、用竹子(zi)(zi)編制的特別的籃(lan)子(zi)(zi)來盛放柿(shi)(shi)子(zi)(zi),放置于太陽下暴曬(shai)。曬(shai)一(yi)段時(shi)間可以進行松(song)囊(nang)了,所(suo)謂松(song)囊(nang)的就是用手按捏柿(shi)(shi)子(zi)(zi),使柿(shi)(shi)子(zi)(zi)里(li)面的果肉徹底(di)軟化(hua)。
3、曬制一段時間(jian)再曬一兩天就可以用(yong)手捏了(le),從(cong)中(zhong)間(jian)按下,將果(guo)肉往兩旁邊擠。
4、最后像(xiang)這樣的(de)柿(shi)餅就(jiu)可以出(chu)售了哦。
5、如果(guo)要生成柿(shi)霜的話,必須(xu)要低溫環(huan)境才(cai)好。將曬干捏成型的
柿(shi)餅放置在陰涼(liang)干燥的(de)室內,在低溫下會慢(man)慢(man)的(de)生成柿(shi)霜。
柿餅好吃難(nan)制作,需要(yao)說明的(de)是,在曬(shai)制柿餅的(de)過(guo)程中需要(yao)用到微量的(de)硫(liu)磺進行熏硫(liu)處理15分(fen)(fen)鐘(大概十幾(ji)克),主要(yao)就是為(wei)了防止霉(mei)變(bian)(bian),滋(zi)生細(xi)菌(jun),顏(yan)色變(bian)(bian)黑。在松(song)囊后用到一(yi)次(ci),還(huan)有就是捏成型后一(yi)次(ci),一(yi)般整個(ge)過(guo)程為(wei)10天以(yi)上,熏硫(liu)兩到三次(ci)為(wei)佳,在曬(shai)制過(guo)程部(bu)分(fen)(fen)硫(liu)會揮(hui)發掉(diao)一(yi)部(bu)分(fen)(fen),對于市面上的(de)柿子(zi)看(kan)著顏(yan)色十分(fen)(fen)的(de)鮮艷的(de),小編大家提(ti)醒要(yao)小心(xin),很(hen)多是染過(guo)色素(su)的(de),還(huan)有有柿霜的(de)大多是用偽造的(de)柿霜涂抹(mo)在柿子(zi)表面,用清水一(yi)清洗就可以(yi)看(kan)出。因為(wei)柿霜的(de)生成條件是12月份前都(dou)比較(jiao)難(nan)生成的(de),而周(zhou)期又比較(jiao)長,所(suo)以(yi)基本上都(dou)是偽造的(de)。
2)烘干機設(she)備烘干柿(shi)餅
說到烘干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)設備(bei),大家很(hen)可能(neng)馬上就會聯(lian)想到微(wei)波、冷凍等干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)燥方(fang)式的(de)(de)設備(bei)了,近(jin)年我們用空氣能(neng)熱泵(beng)烘干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)機這個在(zai)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)燥領域(yu)里新型(xing)節(jie)能(neng)的(de)(de)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)燥設備(bei)對無花果(guo)、柿子等漿果(guo)類(lei)物(wu)料通(tong)過(guo)多(duo)次試(shi)驗(yan),有(you)了一定的(de)(de)成(cheng)功干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)燥經驗(yan),如果(guo)你需要(yao)對此類(lei)物(wu)料進(jin)行(xing)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)燥處理的(de)(de)話(hua),聯(lian)系我們:4009692636。廣東(dong)奧伯特節(jie)能(neng)設備(bei)有(you)限公司(si)有(you)專(zhuan)(zhuan)門測試(shi)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)燥的(de)(de)試(shi)驗(yan)室,有(you)多(duo)年從(cong)事干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)燥物(wu)料試(shi)驗(yan)的(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)家和博士。有(you)多(duo)年從(cong)事干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)燥行(xing)業工作經驗(yan)豐富的(de)(de)工程師專(zhuan)(zhuan)門為(wei)你解決干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)燥領域(yu)里的(de)(de)許多(duo)難題。
奧(ao)伯特隨時(shi)準備著(zhu)與您(nin)一起徜(chang)徉干燥(zao)科技大海,與您(nin)共同探討節能干燥(zao)的廣泛問題。
奧伯特期盼著(zhu)在(zai)你(ni)的關懷(huai)與幫助(zhu)下成(cheng)長!
熱泵烘干機:rtdjtsr.cn
139-2991-5365
139-2518-8224